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College Forum » Forum: College Academics - Recent Topics http://forum.collegetimes.us/forum/college-academics College Forum to discuss admissions, financial aid, SAT prep, Greek organizations, campus clubs, politics, etc. en-US Fri, 10 Feb 2012 03:23:48 +0000 http://bbpress.org/?v=1.0.3 <![CDATA[Search]]> q http://forum.collegetimes.us/search.php Anonymous on "Student misconduct" http://forum.collegetimes.us/topic/student-misconduct#post-1747 Wed, 03 Nov 2010 23:55:06 +0000 Anonymous 1747@http://forum.collegetimes.us/ <p>Hi all<br /> I was recently caught having another student signing in for me on the attendance sheet. I spoke to my professor and she said it is considered cheating so she will be filing a record to the university. I want to ask all of you how will this effect me in the future and how can i get rid of it? </p> Anonymous on "STUDY + WORK + EARN - AUSTRALIA" http://forum.collegetimes.us/topic/study-work-earn-australia#post-1654 Thu, 30 Sep 2010 00:58:37 +0000 Anonymous 1654@http://forum.collegetimes.us/ <p>Education is really important in today’s life and getting the right degree from a good college is more important. In India the education is completely theoretical.</p> <p>Kareer Krafters is a company which has been sending students overseas for education, summer jobs and internships in various fields all over the world. Internships allow you to see the corporate world at the grass root level, which eventually adds a boost to your CV.</p> <p>We assist students to study in USA, Canada, UK, Australia, New Zealand etc.<br /> We have sent more than 700 families to New Zealand on permanent residency visas.<br /> Kareer Krafters and have sent more than 2,000 participant’s to USA in for summer jobs and internships. We have now introduced agricultural internships in USA, etc.</p> <p>We have an extensive range of Work Study programs ranging from Undergraduate courses, Post Graduate Courses, MBA programs, Diploma in Hotel Management and various Certification courses in health care and other fields tooo.</p> <p>In addition we provide extensive services to our students to give them stress-free and peaceful journey to a distant land.</p> <p>We provide counseling and give accurate guidance to students.<br /> Maintaining up-to-date knowledge of programs of all colleges.<br /> Assisting students with the college application process.<br /> Guiding students in bank loans, filling forms and other documentation.<br /> Assistance in IELTS exams.<br /> Applying for visas and almost all our students get their visas approved.<br /> Assistance in sending spouse.</p> <p>We also provide resettlement services in various countries as we have our representative in cities like Toronto, London, Sydney and Auckland. We also arrange airport pickup, arranging paying guest accommodation, guidance on lifestyle and culture, guidance in job search, pre-departure orientation, etc.</p> <p>We are located at:<br /> Kareer Krafters.<br /> 405/B, Vertex Vikas,<br /> M.V. Road<br /> Andheri (East)<br /> Mumbai – 400069.</p> <p>022-2684 2210 and 022-2684 2728, 9930146139<br /> You can even mail us on : <a href="mailto:swt1@kareerkrafters.org">swt1@kareerkrafters.org</a> </p> Anonymous on "University of pheonix" http://forum.collegetimes.us/topic/university-of-pheonix#post-1599 Sun, 15 Aug 2010 14:28:38 +0000 Anonymous 1599@http://forum.collegetimes.us/ <p>has anyone taken or completed the following or any other courses from University of phoenix?</p> <p>eth 125<br /> finn 200<br /> com 150<br /> com 220<br /> psy 210<br /> Lit 210<br /> CJS<br /> phi 105<br /> acc 220<br /> psy 220<br /> beh 225<br /> or any other class would be a great help to me, i need to use these classes to help me with school if there is any one that would be willing to help me please respond thanks. </p> Anonymous on "PGDIM @ ISiM, University of Mysore - Admissions Open-2010-11" http://forum.collegetimes.us/topic/pgdim-isim-university-of-mysore-admissions-open-2010-11#post-1503 Tue, 29 Jun 2010 23:45:28 +0000 Anonymous 1503@http://forum.collegetimes.us/ <p>For those looking for an exciting career in Information Management across the Industries and Knowledge Organizations.</p> <p>Admissions are now open for Post Graduate Diploma in Information Management offered by the International School of Information Management (ISiM), University of Mysore in collaboration with some of the leading Information Schools across the globe - Dalhousie University, Canada; University of Michigan, USA; University of Pittsburgh, USA; Syracuse University, USA; International Institute of Information Technology, Bangalore and Informatics (India) Ltd., Bangalore.</p> <p>What do we offer?</p> <p>• Cutting Edge Global Curriculum that imparts skill sets across the Information Management space – Intellectual foundations of Informatics to Introduction to Software Systems and Information Structures; Fundamentals of Business Organization to Information Management Framework and Tools and Design Methods for Interaction and Systems. Check out our syllabus for details.<br /> • Unique opportunity to be mentored by Industry Leaders<br /> • Truly international learning experience – with faculty drawn from our partner institutions. Course would be taught by world renowned experts from across the academia and industry<br /> • World class facilities – a brand new well appointed 24 x 7 accessible Wi-Fi enabled infrastructure in sylvan setting<br /> • Internships and projects with leading industry partners<br /> • Informal but rigorous pedagogy</p> <p>Who is eligible? </p> <p>• Graduates in any Discipline</p> <p>Important Dates </p> <p>Application Deadline : July 28, 2010<br /> Offer Decision : August 8, 2010<br /> Course Start Date : September 1, 2010</p> <p>Costs to Note<br /> Programme Fee: Rs. 25,000/-</p> <p>For application forms and more details, please visit <a href="http://www.isim.ac.in/html/pgdimadmission.htm" rel="nofollow">http://www.isim.ac.in/html/pgdimadmission.htm</a> or contact us at </p> <p>International School of Information Management<br /> University of Mysore, Manasagangotri<br /> Mysore – 570 006<br /> Tel: +91-821-2514699; +91-821-2411417<br /> Mobile: 9886970411, Fax: +91-821-2519209, Email: <a href="mailto:office@isim.ac.in">office@isim.ac.in</a> </p> Anonymous on "Ten Tips to Academic Success" http://forum.collegetimes.us/topic/ten-tips-to-academic-success#post-1225 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 13:28:53 +0000 Anonymous 1225@http://forum.collegetimes.us/ <p>TEN STEPS TO ACADEMIC SUCCESS</p> <p>1. Set individual academic and personal goals.<br /> 2. Choose courses carefully, especially during your first year.<br /> 3. Know and use resources.<br /> 4. Meet and get to know faculty.<br /> 5. Learn actively.<br /> 6. Manage your time well.<br /> 7. Know and actively use reading skills.<br /> 8. Develop strong listening and note-taking skills.<br /> 9. Develop and improve your writing and speaking skills.<br /> 10. Get involved in co-curricular activities; learn skills and gain experience.</p> <p>Want to know more?</p> <p>Pauk, Walter. How to Study in College. 5th edition.<br /> Princeton: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1993</p> <p><a href="http://www.dartmouth.edu/~acskills/success/study.html" rel="nofollow">http://www.dartmouth.edu/~acskills/success/study.html</a></p> <p>©Academic Skills Center, Dartmouth College 2001 </p> Anonymous on "Procedure for Writing Research Papers" http://forum.collegetimes.us/topic/procedure-for-writing-research-papers#post-1226 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 13:31:28 +0000 Anonymous 1226@http://forum.collegetimes.us/ <p>WRITING THE RESEARCH PAPER</p> <p>In between the choosing of a topic and the final typing of the last revision lie a series of skills which, if learned thoroughly, might well be the most important and most permanent academic possession acquired in four years of college. Specifically, you need to learn how to: delve deeply into a topic; find and select raw data; reflect, speculate, and mediate upon implications and relationships; glimpse and follow insights; establish logical categories; organize an outline; think and write with clarity and precision; and revise.</p> <p>Make the writing of every paper an exercise to develop these skills.</p> <p>Steps In Writing The Research Paper</p> <p>1. Choose your subject 2. Narrow your subject 3. Provide a focus for narrowing material 4. Find references and select bibliography 5. Gather notes 6. Categorize notes 7. Decide upon an approach and point of view to gain control over your material 8. Draw up a detailed outline 9. Write a detailed outline 10. Make a clear copy 11. Leave for a day 12. Edit your work-go over you paper four times a. First, reposition paragraphs and sentences b. Second, add and delete material to achieve balance and to advance the stated objective of your paper c. Third, look to insert transitional words and phrases d. Fourth, read the paper aloud 13. Make a copy 14. Know rules for using quotations 15. Know rules for using footnotes 16. Know how to make a bibliography</p> <p>Choosing Your Subject</p> <p>Choose a subject which interests you. The outstanding American expert on Tibet spends half of her time in Washington as advisor to governmental agencies, yet she has never traveled beyond the boundaries of the United States. when asked how she became so well versed on Tibet, she answered, "I'm simply fascinated by the subject, and have read everything I could get my hands on."</p> <p>A research paper, then, is an opportunity to further your interest in some subject or area.</p> <p>Narrowing Your Subject</p> <p>The most common criticism of research papers is , "topic too broad." You may well wonder, "Well, how can I be sure that I have sufficiently narrowed my topic?" A Cornell English professor has this sure-fire method: put your subject through three significant narrowings, i.e., moving from one category to a class within a category, each time.</p> <p>For example, here are some sample narrowings for papers of 10 to 12 pages:</p> <p>1. Public opinion polls: accuracy of polls: the accuracy of such polls in national elections: factors which determine the accuracy of public opinion polls in national elections.</p> <p>2. The climate of opinion between World War I and World War II: the moral climate, etc.: the particular arguments involved in the debate over Prohibition: the arguments for Prohibition used by the "Drys" in support of the 18th Amendment and their arguments in the late 1920's and early 1930's to prevent repeal.</p> <p>3. Discrimination against African-Americans: Northern attitudes vs. Southern attitudes: the particular geographical distinction: how Mason and Dixon's Line became a line of demarcation.</p> <p>4. The Civil War: crucial battles: one battle: Napoleonic strategy and the battle of Fredricksburg.</p> <p>5. Comparative religion-two religions; Judaism and Christianity; "salvation" in Judaism.</p> <p>Provide A Focus For Gathering Material</p> <p>To avoid the gross error of making your paper a mere accumulation of facts, you must crystallize a genuine question, and your facts must then be used to answer this question. Whether it can be definitely answered or not is unimportant.</p> <p>A detailed outline at this stage is not usually possible since you are not sure of the material that you will uncover. Nevertheless, the specific question in mind will give you the needed focus for gathering pertinent material.</p> <p>Select A Bibliography</p> <p>College libraries, or any good library for that matter, contain many valuable sources of reference material. It will pay you in the long run to find out just what these sources are and how you can learn to use them with the maximum efficiency. Don't make the mistake of waiting until just a few days before your paper is due to make your first acquaintance with the many reference books your library contains. A few minutes spent in the library at the beginning of the term, when you are not under pressure to finish a paper, will help you in the future.</p> <p>The "backbone" of all libraries is the card catalogue system, which tells you not only what books the library possesses, but also where you can find them. Look, therefore, through the library's card file and record all pertinent references on separate 3x5 slips of paper.</p> <p>Efficiency will be increased if all the information is systematically recorded in the following ways:</p> <p>A. Record the name of the library where the reference is located. Many universities have special libraries located in separate schools on campus.</p> <p>B. Record the short title of your subject. This will be important when working on current and subsequent papers.</p> <p>C. Record the library call number. You will not have to refer to the card catalogue whenever you want to use the same book again.</p> <p>D. Record accurately the full reference in exactly the same form that you plan to use in the bibliographic portion of your paper. This insures your including all the essential parts of the reference; also, the correct form will make easier the mechanics of typing.</p> <p>E. Record briefly your opinion of the reference; e.g., "not useful-does not discuss principles"; "excellent for case studies of poor readers at the secondary-school level."</p> <p>Another valuable source of reference material which is somewhat like the card catalogue system is the periodical indexes, such as the Reader's Guide and Poole's Index To Periodical Literature. Often, there will be special indexes which list new books and articles for one field; for example, the Psychological Abstracts for the field of psychology, and the Educational Index for the field of education. Of course, do not overlook the general encyclopedias, such as the Britannica Americana and the New International, nor the more specialized works like the Encyclopedia of Banking and Finance and Who's Who In America. Finally, there are the yearbooks, of which the World Almanac and the Book of Facts are notable examples.</p> <p>One frequently overlooked source of information is the personal interview. Every campus and town has its share of experts and authorities. If possible, arrange for an interview and be prepared to take notes.</p> <p>Gathering Notes</p> <p>1. Use note paper of uniform size. The 3x5 slips of paper are suggested because they are uniform, less bulky, and less expensive than cards.</p> <p>2. Use only one side of the slip, and then record only one topic on each slip.</p> <p>3. Identify the reference information on the note slips by writing the author's last name, or the title of the reference in the top left corner of the note slip. The page number or numbers should appear in parentheses at the end of the item of information. This system will enable you to find quickly again the exact page if further information is needed.</p> <p>4. Write notes in your own words. This will help insure that you understand what you are reading. Furthermore, you will be putting the information into a form which can be used in your paper. Always distinguish clearly between your words and the author's. Failure to do so might lead you unwittingly into plagiarism.</p> <p>5. Just as in taking notes on a textbook, always skim the article or chapter you are reading before writing the notes.</p> <p>6. Notations should be concise, yet sufficiently detailed to provide an accurate meaning.</p> <p>7. Taking time to write notations neatly will avoid the time and frustration of later deciphering.</p> <p>8. Use ink. Notes written in pencil will become blurred through handling and sorting.</p> <p>9. If you need direct quotations, use only a few of the outstanding phrases or sentences. Most students tend to quote too much and too often.</p> <p>10. Abbreviate only the common words, otherwise much time will be lost in "figuring out" unfamiliar "shorthand."</p> <p>11. When ideas and insights occur, write them on separate note slips under the caption "my own."</p> <p>Categorizing Notes</p> <p>Having recorded only one topic on each slip mow permits you to arrange your slips into separate topic stacks. Also, having written on only one side of the slip enables you to see your full notes without turning slips back and forth. Now you will appreciate that you really were not "wasting"paper when you left the reverse side of each slip blank.</p> <p>Deciding On An Approach</p> <p>To gain control over your material the crux of some matter must be dug out and presented in a way that illuminates the issue; some analysis or appraisal ought to be given. A reader who is presented with an assortment of facts-no matter how neatly arranged-asks, "So what?" and rightly so. You ought to have clearly in mind before you begin writing what you want this material to add up to. Remember, the predication is as important as the "subject."</p> <p>Drawing Up A Detailed Outline</p> <p>Only by working out a detailed outline can you order and control your data so that it can be marshaled to support your stated objective. Worked into the outline, also, should be your approach, point of view, and strategy.</p> <p>In the process of writing an outline, you will acquire the prerequisite of all good writing-you will be forced to "think through" your material. This "thinking through" is what the professional writers call "digesting" your random facts. Once you do this, then you will quite naturally, as you write, draw from a reservoir of facts rather than stringing together a compartmentalized series of "snippets" which are usually someone else's paraphrased words. As a final "bonus" effect, the detailed outline will save you time during the revision stage since your facts will be in the right order from the beginning.</p> <p>Writing The First Draft</p> <p>With the outline before you, write as rapidly and spontaneously as possible. Recording your thoughts as they go through your mind will help to insure continuity. It is when you stop to ponder alternatives that gaps in continuity occur. Though this manner of writing often results in too much material, don't be concerned because it is easier to cut than to add.</p> <p>Make A Clear Copy</p> <p>The first draft is usually rough-full of deletions, additions, and directions which are understandable only to the writer. If left in this state for even a day, much time might be lost in trying to recall exactly how you meant to blend in some of the hastily written interlineation. Furthermore, if you retype or rewrite while the material is still very fresh, some spontaneous revision may take place. The result, of course, will be a clear copy which will be ready for revision after a "cooling off" period of a day or so.</p> <p>Leave For A Day</p> <p>The "cooling off" period is important. During the writing stage, your mind is so full of associations with the words which you have written that you are liable to impose clarity and step-by-step sequences where these do not, in fact, exist; that is, your mind can fill in and bridge the gaps.</p> <p>After your mind has dropped some of these associations, then when you read your manuscript , you will have to "read" the words to gain meaning. You can now easily spot the glaring errors-you can be critically objective.</p> <p>The Importance of Editing Your Own Work</p> <p>The editing function is one of the few really important big things that you can learn in college-the ability to view your own production with enough courage to anticipate (and be concerned about) the potential reader's reaction. This means polishing, boiling down ideas, struggling to say things clearer and clearer, perhaps starting over, or writing even 3 or 4 drafts.</p> <p>Your Final Copy</p> <p>1. In preparing the finished draft of your research paper, use only one side of white paper. Although a few instructors will specify precisely what size paper to use, the most commonly used paper measures 81/2 x 11 inches.</p> <p>2. Type your paper without any strike-overs (erase errors thoroughly and neatly) and be sure to double space.</p> <p>3. Leave generous margins at the top, bottom and about a one and one-half inch margin on both sides to provide room for the instructor's comments.</p> <p>4. Put your dictionary to good use by checking spellings and divisions of words you are not sure of.</p> <p>5. Hand in the paper on time. It is not uncommon for instructors to deduct points for late papers.</p> <p><a href="http://www.dartmouth.edu/~acskills/success/study.html" rel="nofollow">http://www.dartmouth.edu/~acskills/success/study.html</a></p> <p>©Academic Skills Center, Dartmouth College 2001</p> Anonymous on "6 Sure-Fire Ways to Find Scholarships For Colleges" http://forum.collegetimes.us/topic/6-sure-fire-ways-to-find-scholarships-for-colleges#post-1254 Wed, 16 Dec 2009 11:50:55 +0000 Anonymous 1254@http://forum.collegetimes.us/ <p>As you may know from personal experience, many students understand that getting scholarships for engineering college is a great way to save money, but they do not understand where to find the scholarships. The entire subject can seem confusing and even frightening to a new student. However, scholarship searching need not be difficult. Using these six painless methods you can find scholarships quickly and easily.</p> <p>[b]1. Financial Aid Office[/b] - If you are still in high school, contact your school's college help office. The people working their are committed to helping you succeed and are normally more than happy to help you find scholarships. Remember though, these people are in charge of helping hundreds of students, so their time will be somewhat limited. If you are already in college, you should visit your college's financial aid office. The people working their can help you learn whether you are eligible for any scholarships or grants directly from your college. This money is normally awarded based on demonstrated financial need, but some money is also provided for academic or athletic achievers.</p> <p>[b]2. Online Scholarship Search Engines[/b] - You can also find scholarships for college using online search engines such as Fast Web (fastweb.com) or College Board (collegeboard.com). These "scholarship searches", as they are called, are one of the best known ways to find scholarships. Unfortunately, they are not extremely accurate. After you enter your information, including interests, SAT/ACT scores, financial status, etc., they provide you with scholarships that they think fit your interests and abilities. The problem is that these programs are not highly accurate, so you will have to spend hours (literally) sorting through your results.</p> <p>[b]3. Your Family[/b] - Ask your family - parents, grandparents, aunts and uncles - if they know of any scholarships for college. Also, ask them what groups and organizations they are a part of. Often, clubs will offer scholarships that are only available to members or relatives of members. These are great opportunities because few people will be able to enter which will increase your chance of winning! Your family - both immediate and extended - can be an excellent resource when looking for scholarships.</p> <p>[b]4. Your Employers[/b] - Did you know that many companies offer grants and scholarships for college that are only available to their past and present employees? Ask you supervisor if he knows of any scholarships or grants offered by your company. Many fast food restaurants that hire teen employees offer special scholarships. Because these scholarships are only available to employees, you will not have as much competition which will increase your chance of winning. Make sure to check for these hidden jewels before moving on to more generic scholarships!</p> <p>[b]5. Your Local Newspaper[/b] - Many local scholarship sponsors advertise in the local newspaper. Make sure to check the classifieds regularly to find these scholarship opportunities. Local scholarships are an excellent opportunity because, once again, they will have lower competition - increasing your chance of winning. Try to check you local newspaper at least once a week to find new scholarships for college.</p> <p>[b]6. Your Network[/b] - Another excellent way to find scholarships is by asking your network. Hopefully, you have already invested time in building a solid network of friends and advisers. If you haven't, do that now. If you do have your network ready, now is the time to start using it. Contact everyone on your network, tell them what major you are looking into, explain to them what your plan is, and ask them to keep their eye out for scholarships that would fit your interests and abilities. If you have a strong network, this can be one of the best ways to find scholarships for college!</p> <p>Once you have found good scholarships, fill out your forms, write your essays, and send in your applications. Even if you do not win your first scholarship, keep trying. As in most of life, persistence is the key to success!</p> <p>Compiled by <a href="http://top10engineeringcolleges.info" rel="nofollow">http://top10engineeringcolleges.info</a> </p> Anonymous on "Notes: Polymers - for 1st semester Chemistry Engineering" http://forum.collegetimes.us/topic/notes-polymers-for-1st-semester-chemistry-engineering#post-1240 Sat, 12 Dec 2009 11:00:33 +0000 Anonymous 1240@http://forum.collegetimes.us/ <p>[b]POLYMERS = POLY + MERS[/b]</p> <p>Polymers are long chain giant molecules, are assembled from many smaller molecules called monomers.</p> <p>Polymers consist of many repeating monomer units in long chains. A polymer is analogous to a necklace made from many small beads (monomers).</p> <p>The process by which monomer molecules are linked to form a big polymer molecule is called Polymerization.<br /> For polymerization the two reactive side or bifunctionality of monomer are prerequisites.</p> <p>[b]Types of Polymers: On the basis of their origin[/b]</p> <p>- There are many types of polymers including synthetic and natural polymers.<br /> - Natural polymers are Proteins ,silk, keratin. Carbohydrates - cellulose, starch, glycogen DNA - RNA<br /> - Semi synthetic Polymers- e.g Ester and ether of cellulose<br /> - Synthetic Polymers are: PVC, Neoprene, Bakelite, PET, Nylons, PMMA, PS, Polyethylene, Silicones, epoxy resins, polyurethane.</p> <p>[b]Types of Polymers:[/b]</p> <p>ORGANIC: A polymer whose backbone is essentially made of carbon atoms is termed as organic polymer.<br /> The atom attached to the side valencies of backbone carbon atom are however usually those of hydrogen , oxygen , nitrogen.<br /> INORGANIC: these molecules generally contain no carbon atom in their chain backbone.<br /> E.g..-, Silicones</p> <p>Polymers: Thermoplastics, Thermosets, Elastomers.<br /> Thermoplastics: Crystalline, Amorphous.</p> <p>Thermoplastics - plastics that soften when heated and become firm again when cooled. This is the more popular type of plastic because the heating and cooling may be repeated.</p> <p>Molecules in a thermoplastic are held together by relatively weak intermolecular forces</p> <p>Most linear and slightly branched polymers are thermoplastic.</p> <p>Thermoplastics have a wide range of applications such as in food packaging, insulation, automobile bumpers, and credit cards.</p> <p>- Thermosets: plastics that soften when heated and can be molded, but harden permanently. They will decompose when reheated.<br /> - Thermosets usually are three-dimensional networked polymers in which there is a high degree of cross-linking between polymer chains. The cross-linking restricts the motion of the chains and leads to a rigid material.<br /> - For example is Bakelite, which is used in toasters, handles for pots and pans, dishes, electrical outlets and billiard balls. They are also used in construction, making toys etc..</p> <p>- Elastomers: Elastomers are rubbery polymers that can be stretched easily to several times their utstretched length and which rapidly return to their original dimensions when the applied stress is released.<br /> - Elastomers are cross-linked, but have a low cross-linking. The polymer chains still have some freedom to move.<br /> - Rubber bands and other elastics are made of elastomers</p> <p>[b]Crystalline Polymers:[/b]</p> <p>Highly crystalline polymers are rigid, high melting, and less affected by solvent penetration.<br /> Crystallinity makes a polymers strong, but also lowers their impact resistance. As an example, samples of polyethylene prepared under high pressure (5000 atm) have high crystallinities (95 - 99%) but are extremely brittle. </p> <p>- Amorphous Polymers: Polymer chains with branches having irregular arrangement cannot pack together regularly enough to form crystals. These polymers are said to be amorphous.<br /> - Amorphous regions of a polymer are made up of a randomly coiled and entangled chains.<br /> - A two-dimensional schematic of an amorphous polymer is shown.<br /> - Amorphous polymers are softer, have lower melting points, and are penetrated more by solvents than are their crystalline counterparts</p> <p>[b]Classification of Polymers:[/b]</p> <p>Homopolymers - consist of chains with identical bonding linkages to each monomer unit. This usually implies that the polymer is made from all identical monomer molecules. These may be represented as : -[A-A-A-A-A-A]-</p> <p>Copolymers -consist of chains with two or more linkages usually implying two or more different types of monomer units. These may be represented as : -[A-B-A-B-A-B]<br /> They are further classified into different types:</p> <p>Statistical Copolymers: Also called random copolymers. Here the monomeric units are distributed randomly, and sometimes unevenly, in the polymer chain: ~ABBAAABAABBBABAABA</p> <p>Alternating Copolymers :Here the monomeric units are distributed in a regular alternating fashion, with nearly equimolar amounts of each in the chain: ~ABABABABABABABAB</p> <p>Block Copolymers: Instead of a mixed distribution of monomeric units, a long sequence or block of one monomer is joined to a block of the second monomer: ~AAAAA-BBBBBBB~AAAAAAA~BBB~.</p> <p>Graft Copolymers: As the name suggests, side chains of a given monomer are attached to the main chain of the second monomer: ~AAAAAAA(BBBBBBB~)AAAAAAA(BBBB~)AAA~.</p> <p>[b]Polymers classified by reaction mode:[/b]</p> <p>Addition Polymers - the monomer molecules bond to each other without the loss of any other atoms. Alkenes monomers are the biggest groups of polymers in this class.<br /> Condensation Polymers - usually two different monomer combine with the loss of a small molecule, usually water. Polyesters and polyamides (nylon) are in this class of polymers. Polyurethane Foam in graphic. </p> <p>Depending on their ultimate form of use:<br /> Plastics- e.g PVC,<br /> Elastomers -e.g synthentic rubber<br /> Fibres – e.g nylon<br /> Resins – epoxy resin</p> <p>[i]Contributed by Akshay Pandey[/i] </p> Anonymous on "Five Basic Tips For Academic Success in the University" http://forum.collegetimes.us/topic/five-basic-tips-for-academic-success-in-the-university#post-1227 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 15:10:00 +0000 Anonymous 1227@http://forum.collegetimes.us/ <p>Once you get admission into a university or polytechnic, your ultimate aim is to have academic success. So as a new academic session starts, it is again a big journey for the students. Life and studies in higher institution may be fun as well as challenging too. In the university arena, every student wants to get academic success. So, I am going to provide you with five solid and proven academic tips that will help you in getting academic success in the university.</p> <p>1. Always be Punctual:- If you attend your lectures late, you miss important information and strong ingredients delivered by the lecturer. On the other hand, if you are punctual, you leave a positive impression in the minds of your fellow students and the course lecturer. You get all the stuffs given out by the lecturer. You also make your notes the way you understand it from the horse's mouth (the lecturer). Besides, you will also be in tandem with the lecturer's core points and minds as it concerns that particular course.</p> <p>2. Ask Questions, As Many As Possible:- Many of the students are introverts and do not want to ask any question to the lecturer (why?). But a student should ask questions as many as possible to improve his knowledge in the course. Let me tell you, lecturers like those students who ask questions to them because it shows the interest of the students in the class, and it automatically increases your interests and attention in the course. Moreover, it shows that you really want to know more and more about the course.</p> <p>3. Do Your Homework and Assignments:- A student should do his assignments and homework on time. Doing assignments on time is the key to success because lecturers use assignments for determining your knowledge and grades. And really, by doing assignments and homework, students can learn more about the course. In fact, many students only revise their lecture notes and read textbooks only when they are given assignments or homework to do.</p> <p>4. Be Confident:- Many students are afraid to speak up in the class over an interesting course. Lecturers always like those students who are confident in their abilities and they also like to help such students in many special ways. So always be confident and be able to back up yourself with questions and inquires on the course. You will definitely be an academic star.</p> <p>5. Always prepare for the quiz:- Every student should always prepare for the surprise (pop) quiz which the lecturer may decide to give at any time. You can prepare yourself for the quiz by reading course materials (handouts, notes, textbooks, etc) before the next lecture, by participating in class group discussions, and by doing the assignments and exercises mentioned in the textbooks or handouts.</p> <p>In summary, to be academically successful, and to be making good grades in the university, you have to be punctual to classes, ask questions as many as possible both in the classroom and outside the classroom, do your assignments, homework and quizzes as appropriate, have self confidence, and always prepare for any surprise quiz. Academic success must be yours!</p> <p>For more on academic success, visit the Academic Success Digest immediately at <a href="http://www.acasuc.blogspot.com" rel="nofollow">http://www.acasuc.blogspot.com</a>. </p>